Trademarks can be Rough Sledding for Nonprofits

Devon Thomas Treadwell | Intellectual Property Law,Naming,Nonprofit,Trademarks | Friday, June 3rd, 2011

The Star Tribune reports on a feud between the Susan G. Komen “Race for the Cure” and small nonprofit also dedicated to fighting breast cancer. In a formal opposition to a trademark registration, Komen claimed that the Minnesota-based group’s name–“Mush for a Cure”–was confusingly similar to its own registered trademark. The all-volunteer sled-dog race fundraiser was only one of dozens of groups earning Komen’s enmity because their name contained “for a cure” or “for the cure.”

Ultimately, Komen dropped its opposition to “Mush for a Cure” and a New York group named “Kites for a Cure” after their stories garnered national attention on NBC News. The USPTO has seen fit to grant “Mush for a Cure” a trademark registration.

What can we learn from this story?

  1. Trademarking a name–and protecting a mark–is becoming increasingly important to nonprofit organizations, who must compete in a weak economy against a growing number of competitors.
  2. While it’s understandable that a nonprofit group would not want to be confused with another–and see its donations unwittingly diverted to another organization–there’s a fine line between prudence and arrogance. Sorry, but “Mush for a Cure” and “Kites for a Cure” are each dissimilar enough from “Race for the Cure” that Komen should never have tried to block the mark. Picking on smaller nonprofit groups makes the deep-pocketed Komen organization appear petty and greedy, damaging its brand far more than the highly unlikely confusion it claimed to fear.
  3. Based on the trademark examiners’ inclination to grant the mark to “Mush for a Cure,” it appears that Komen cannot own “for a cure” or “for the cure.” However, should another “Race for a Cure” or “Race for the Cure” crop up as a competing breast-cancer charitable group, Komen should absolutely act to protect its mark.
  4. Nonprofits can avoid a similar trademark issue by choosing a shorter, less descriptive name–one that doesn’t have a generic, modifying phrase vulnerable to imitation simply by changing the noun in front of it.

And that last point is good advice for all organizations–for-profit and nonprofit alike–because a shorter, distinctive and creatively unexpected name performs better in a crowded marketplace than a longer descriptive one.

A Vodka Sour

Devon Thomas Treadwell | Intellectual Property Law,Trademarks | Wednesday, February 18th, 2009

Hendrix Electric VodkaWas it an off-hand remark in a phone call? A mumbled “might be a good idea” in a meeting?  A smiley face emoticon in an email?

Just how does one mistakenly presume that Jimi Hendrix’s estate gave their blessing for his name and likeness to be used on a brand of vodka?

According to the Puget Sound Business Journal:

The fight began three years ago, when Electric Hendrix LLC introduced Hendrix Electric Vodka, a 100 percent grain vodka made from corn and rye from Utah and Idaho. Electric Hendrix officials, including CEO Craig Dieffenbach, claimed to have the family’s blessing with the vodka but that apparently wasn’t the case.

The Hendrix estate sued for trademark infringement and won—to the tune of a $3.2 million settlement.

What I want to know is, how can I sorta kinda but not really give permission for someone to brand a product with one of my dead relatives? I could use a couple of million right now.

Fair Use: Who’s the fairest in the land?

Devon Thomas Treadwell | Intellectual Property Law,Trademarks | Wednesday, January 28th, 2009

This happened a while ago, but it’s worth revisiting for the sheer pleasure of witnessing a rare act of whimsy from a corporate legal department.

First, compare and contrast these brands:Second Life & Get a First Life Logos

Second Life is the famous 3D virtual land wherein millions of “residents” share vicarious social experiences through their avatars. Founded in 2003, Second Life earns an estimated $100 million a year and, as any corporation its size, diligently protects its intellectual property. Potential infringers are warded off with a full page instructional manual on how to properly use its trademark.

Get a First Life is a one-page parody site created by Darren Barefoot, a self-described “writer, marketer and technologist” who lives in Canada. As if thumbing his nose to Second Life’s general counsel, the satirist added a link at the bottom of the page for the convenience of those sending cease and desist letters.

Second Life’s lawyers did respond, but perhaps not in the way you’d expect.  Here’s the text of the letter (hat tip to Marty at The Trademark Blog).  It’s well worth reading all the way through.

This notice is provided on behalf of Linden Research, Inc. (“Linden Lab”), the owner of trademark, copyright and other intellectual property rights in and to the “Second Life” product and service offering, including the “eye-in-hand” logo for Second Life and the website maintained at http://secondlife.com/. It has come to our attention that the website located at http://www.getafirstlife.com/ purports to appropriate certain trade dress and marks associated with Second Life and owned by Linden Lab. That website currently includes a link in the bottom right-hand corner for “Comments or cease and desist letters.”

As you must be aware, the Copyright Act (Title 17, U.S. Code) contains provisions regarding the doctrine of “fair use” of copyrighted materials (Section 107 of the Act). Although lesser known and lesser recognized by trademark owners, the Lanham Act (Title 15, Chapter 22, U.S. Code) protecting trademarks is also limited by a judicial doctrine of fair use of trademarks. Determining whether or not a particular use constitutes fair use typically involves a multi-factor analysis that is often highly complex and frustratingly indeterminate; however a use constituting parody can be a somewhat simpler analysis, even where such parody involves a fairly extensive use of the original work.

We do not believe that reasonable people would argue as to whether the website located at http://www.getafirstlife.com/ constitutes parody – it clearly is. Linden Lab is well known among its customers and in the general business community as a company with enlightened and well-informed views regarding intellectual property rights, including the fair use doctrine, open source licensing, and other principles that support creativity and self-expression. We know parody when we see it.

Moreover, Linden Lab objects to any implication that it would employ lawyers incapable of distinguishing such obvious parody. Indeed, any competent attorney is well aware that the outcome of sending a cease-and-desist letter regarding a parody is only to draw more attention to such parody, and to invite public scorn and ridicule of the humor-impaired legal counsel. Linden Lab is well-known for having strict hiring standards, including a requirement for having a sense of humor, from which our lawyers receive no exception.

In conclusion, your invitation to submit a cease-and-desist letter is hereby rejected. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is possible that your use of the modified eye-in-hand logo for Second Life, even as parody, requires license from Linden Lab, especially with respect to your sale of goods with the parody mark at http://www.cafepress.com/getafirstlife/. Linden Lab hereby grants you a nonexclusive, nontransferable, nonsublicenseable, revocable, limited license to use the modified eye-in-hand logo (as displayed on http://www.getafirstlife.com/ as of January 21, 2007) to identify only your goods and/or services that are sold at http://www.cafepress.com/getafirstlife/. This license may be modified, addended, or revoked at any time by Linden Lab in its sole discretion.

Best regards,
Linden Lab

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